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AKT-140110 Video

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The Schroedinger equation and path integrals.


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# Week of... Notes and Links
1 Jan 6 About This Class (PDF).
dbnvp Monday: Course introduction, knots and Reidemeister moves, knot colourings.
Tricolourability without Diagrams
dbnvp Wednesday: The Gauss linking number combinatorially and as an integral.
dbnvp Friday: The Schroedinger equation and path integrals.
Friday Introduction (the quantum pendulum)
2 Jan 13 Homework Assignment 1.
dbnvp Monday: The Kauffman bracket and the Jones polynomial.
dbnvp Wednesday: Self-linking using swaddling.
dbnvp Friday: Euler-Lagrange problems, Gaussian integration, volumes of spheres.
3 Jan 20 Homework Assignment 2.
dbnvp Monday: The definition of finite-type and some examples.
dbnvp Wednesday: The self-linking number and framings.
dbnvp Friday: Integrating a polynomial times a Gaussian.
Class Photo.
4 Jan 27 Homework Assignment 3.
dbnvp Monday: Chord diagrams and weight systems.
dbnvp Wednesday: Swaddling maps and framings, general configuration space integrals.
dbnvp Friday: Some analysis of d^{-1}.
5 Feb 3 Homework Assignment 4.
dbnvp Monday: 4T, the Fundamental Theorem and universal finite type invariants.
The Fulton-MacPherson Compactification (PDF).
dbnvp Wednesday: The Fulton-MacPherson Compactification, Part I.
dbnvp Friday: More on pushforwards, d^{-1}, and d^\ast.
6 Feb 10 Homework Assignment 5.
dbnvp Monday: The bracket-rise theorem and the invariance principle.
dbnvp Wednesday: The Fulton-MacPherson Compactification, Part II.
dbnvp Friday: Gauge fixing, the beginning of Feynman diagrams.
R Feb 17 Reading Week.
7 Feb 24 dbnvp Monday: A review of Lie algebras.
dbnvp Wednesday: Graph cohomology and \Omega_{dR}^\ast(\Gamma).
dbnvp Friday: More on Feynman diagrams, beginning of gauge theory.
From Gaussian Integration to Feynman Diagrams (PDF).
8 Mar 3 Homework Assignment 6 (PDF)
dbnvp Monday: Lie algebraic weight systems.
dbnvp Wednesday: Graph cohomology and the construction of Z_0.
Graph Cohomology and Configuration Space Integrals (PDF)
dbnvp Friday: Gauge invariance, Chern-Simons, holonomies.
Mar 9 is the last day to drop this class.
9 Mar 10 Homework Assignment 7 (PDF)
dbnvp Monday: The gl(N) weight system.
dbnvp Wednesday: The universal property, hidden faces.
dbnvp Friday: Insolubility of the quintic, naive expectations for CS perturbation theory.
10 Mar 17 Homework Assignment 8 (PDF)
dbnvp Monday: W_{\mathfrak g}\colon{\mathcal A}(\uparrow)\to{\mathcal U}({\mathfrak g}) and PBW.
dbnvp Wednesday: The anomaly.
dbnvp Friday: Faddeev-Popov, part I.
Gaussian Integration, Determinants, Feynman Diagrams (PDF).
11 Mar 24 Homework Assignment 9 (PDF)
dbnvp Monday: {\mathcal A} is a bi-algebra.
dbnvp Wednesday: Understanding and fixing the anomaly.
Friday: class cancelled.
12 Mar 31 Monday, Wednesday: class cancelled.
dbnvp Friday: A Monday class: back to expansions.
E Apr 7 dbnvp Monday: A Friday class on what we mostly didn't have time to do.
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0:01:35 [add] Handout view 2: Title and abstract
0:01:35 [edit] What is Quantum Mechanics?

Quantum mechanics is a tool or theory in physics that is used to describe the state of the world or a system at the subatomic level. The theory depends on states of the system, observables, measurements and evolution evolution of the system. These are used in building a mathematical model to study quantum mechanics.

In classical mechanics, Newton's laws are used to study physical systems whose behaviour are visible to the human eye. These laws do not apply to systems with quantum effect (this is an effect that cannot be described by classical physics) such as quantum entanglement, radioactive decay and wave particle duality. Such systems are called quantum systems (examples are atoms, molecules, particle on a pendulum etc). Schroedinger equation is one of the tools used in describing such systems.


Schroedinger equation is an equation that describes a systems that has significant of quantum effect. It is a partial differential equation whose solution is a wave function \psi(x, t). This is used to study the evolution of the system as time goes by.

0:02:27 [add] Handout view 3: History
0:02:55 [add] Handout view 4: The Question
0:08:10 [add] Handout view 5: More generally
0:08:33 [add] Handout view 6: e^H
0:10:24 [add] Handout view 7: The Trotter Formula
0:13:19 [add] Handout view 8: Use Trotter
0:14:01 [add] Handout view 9: e^V
0:14:10 [add] Handout view 8: Use Trotter
0:14:59 [add] Handout view 9: e^V
0:15:37 [add] Handout view 10: e^Delta
0:22:31 [add] Handout view 11: e^Delta proof
0:24:44 [edit] In the proof of Lemma 3.3, I am okay up to this point.
0:25:22 [add] Handout view 12: Trotter
0:25:46 [add] Handout view 13: Iterated convolutions
0:26:12 [add] Handout view 13: Iterated convolutions
0:26:18 [add] Handout view 12: Trotter
0:26:40 [add] Handout view 13: Iterated convolutions
0:26:53 [add] Handout view 12: Trotter
0:27:02 [add] Handout view 13: Iterated convolutions
0:27:44 [add] Handout view 12: Trotter
0:28:02 [add] Handout view 13: Iterated convolutions
0:29:16 [add] Handout view 14: Discrete path integral
0:29:33 [add] Handout view 13: Iterated convolutions
0:29:44 [add] Handout view 14: Discrete path integral
0:30:46 [add] Handout view 15: A path
0:31:52 [add] Handout view 14: Discrete path integral
0:32:59 [add] Handout view 16: Path integrals
0:34:28 [add] Handout view 15: A path
0:34:40 [add] Handout view 16: Path integrals
0:35:09 [add] Handout view 17: The Action
0:35:11 [add] Handout view 16: Path integrals
0:35:34 [add] Handout view 17: The Action
0:35:38 [edit] Lagrangian Mechanics is a tool used in studying motions in Classical Mechanics and it was introduced by Joseph-Louis Lagrange in 1788. An important concept in Lagragian Mechanics is that the equations of motion of Classical Mechanics can be based on a variational principle, namely, that along a path describing classical motion the action integral assumes a minimal value (Hamiltonian Principle of Least Action)

The action integral is given by S[x(t)] = \int^{t_1}_{t_0} dt \mathcal{L}(x(t),x^\prime(t),t), where \mathcal{L}(x(t),x^\prime(t),t) = \frac12 {x^\prime(t)}^2-U(x(t)) is called the Lagrangian.

0:35:55 [edit] I have noticed that the dx always comes before the integrand. Any reason for this or it just notation?
0:36:14 [add] Handout view 18: Semi-classical
0:39:51 [add] Handout view 17: The Action
0:39:54 [edit] I found this link about the Lagrangian: [1], and it talks about The Principle of Least Action which says that the path that has the minimum action is the one satisfying Newton's law for a conservative system which is the famous F = ma, where m is the mass of the system and a is the acceleration of the system with respect to the total force on the system.
0:40:12 [add] Handout view 18: Semi-classical
0:44:48 [add] Handout view 17: The Action
0:46:46 [add] Handout view 18: Semi-classical
0:46:53 [add] Handout view 19: Rid of Path Integrals
0:48:18 [add] Handout view 20: Rid of PE, 2
0:49:07 [add] Handout view 22: Get Fourier!